In vitro propagation of Codonopsis javania (Blume) Hook. f. et Thomson through the callus induction

Abstract

Codonopsis javania (Blume) Hook.f. et Thomson a traditional medicine plant and now an endangered species in Vietnam is grown for roots. The research was carried out to establish the plant propagation for the purpose of concerving and exploting this endangered medicinal herbs. In vitro shoot tip explants (1 – 1.5 cm) were induced to form callus on MS medium containing NAA (0.5 – 2 mg /L) with TDZ 0.1 mg/L. After four weeks of culture, in the MS medium combine with NAA 1 mg/L and TDZ 0.1 mg/L the explant induced compact callus (green, solid) wsa achieved 85.33%. The callus induction to form shoots on medium MS containing BA (0.5 – 2.0 mg/L) with NAA 0.2 mg/L. After 4 weeks of culture, shoot formation was higher in the MS medium containing BA 1.0 mg /L and NAA 0.2 mg/L and achieved of 82.67 % with 9.92 shoots/explant. The best shoot proliferation (2 – 3 cm) was excised and transferred to a medium shoot multiplication with the same composition as the shoot induction medium in which NAA 0.2 mg/L was replaced by NAA 0.5 mg/L. When compared the shoot multiplication between the two mediums at the same BA concentration (2 mg/L), all shoots increased and reached 5.87 times after 60 days cultured. On rooting MS medium with IBA 1 mg/L, 88.67 % in vitro rooting was observed with the average root yield of 4.33 roots/shoot and the length of 8.27 cm. Root length and their yield quality were highly improved when using of coconut fiber (30 %) and earthworms compost (70 %) (v/v) in the transfer medium after acclimatisation stages.