https://stdjns.scienceandtechnology.com.vn/index.php/stdjns <p><span class="" lang="en"><span title="Tạp chí đã được phát hành tại các thư viện của các đơn vị thành viên của ĐHQG-HCM, các Sở Khoa học Công nghệ của các tỉnh thành trên cả nước và được Hội đồng học hàm Giáo sư Nhà nước đánh giá cao."><strong>Science &amp; Technology Development Journal:</strong> <strong>Natural Science</strong> <strong>(STDJNS)</strong> (<strong>2588-106X</strong>) is the official journal of Viet Nam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam, published by Viet Nam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam. STDNS has been developed and separated from section of <strong>Nature Sciences</strong> of <strong>Science &amp; Technology Development Journal</strong> (<strong>STDJ</strong>) (<strong>1859-0128</strong>). From 2017, this section became a dependent journal with title <strong>Science &amp; Technology Development Journal:</strong> <strong>Natural Science.&nbsp;</strong></span></span></p> <p><strong>Science and Technology Development Journal: Natural Sciences</strong> is a multiple discipline scientific journal covering from all fields of natural sciences including&nbsp; mathematics and computer science, chemistry, physics and engineering physics, biology and biotechnology, environment, geology, information technology, electronics and telecommunications, materials science and technology.</p> <p><span class="" lang="en"><span title="• Khoa học Trái đất và Môi trường"><span id="result_box" class="" lang="en">&nbsp;</span></span></span></p> Viet Nam National University Ho Chi Minh City en-US VNUHCM Journal of Natural Sciences 2588-106X <p>Copyright The Author(s) 2018. This article is published with open access by Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam. This article is distributed under the terms of the&nbsp;<a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0)</a> which permits any use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and the source are credited.&nbsp;</p> https://stdjns.scienceandtechnology.com.vn/index.php/stdjns/article/view/1424 <p>5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) serves as a prospective intermediary in the synthesis of biofuels. In recent years, researchers have sought environmentally friendly methodologies and appropriate catalysts for the synthesis of HMF under green chemistry conditions. In this study, we synthesized three ionic liquids containing Brønsted acid/Lewis acid centers and one biomass-derived catalyst with Brønsted acid groups from biomass. The efficacy of two types of catalysts was utilized in the procedure for converting carbohydrates into HMF. The research examined the effects of temperature, catalyst mass, recovery, and reuse to identify optimal conditions for the synthesis of HMF. The findings indicated that the 1-(4-sulfonic acid) butyl-3-methylimidazolium zinc chloride (IL3) catalyst exhibited enhanced activity relative to alternative catalysts, achieving a reaction yield of around 88% HMF in 2 hours using EMIMCl as a solvent. The Brønsted acid-based solid catalyst achieved a reaction yield of 52% HMF using 5 mg CA-SO₃H for a duration of 5 hours. This study illustrates the feasibility of synthesizing HMF from fructose utilizing green catalysts (ionic liquids or carbon-based solid acid ), suitable for large-scale production and particularly as a foundational platform for generating biomass-derived biofuels under green chemistry principles.</p> Kim Nguyen Tran Trinh Hao Nguyen Hang-Thien Thi Nguyen Ha Bich Phan Phuong Hoang Tran ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-05-19 2025-05-19 9 2 3328 3336 10.32508/stdjns.v9i2.1424 title description none g