Protein display on lactic acid bacteria cell surface

Abstract

The strong development of novel protein expression systems, especially in lactic acid bacteria, has attracted a lot of attention and presented many challenges for scientists, not only in terms of safety but also in the ability to preserve food. With the advantage of possessing a rigid cell wall structure and typical acid resistance, lactic acid bacteria have become a potential target not only as a cell factory for producing recombinant proteins used in the food industry but also as a means of delivering antigens for mucosal vaccine development. To achieve this goal, a series of target protein expression systems have been developed in many lactic acid bacteria. This review summarizes recent developments in foreign protein expression systems in both secretion and surface display forms in lactic acid bacteria, including prominent examples such as Lactococcus lactis and Lactobacillus plantarum, as well as current research on developing promising promoter systems to not only improve their ability but also increase their expression efficiency on the surface of lactic acid bacteria.