Inventory and mapping the air emissions from transportation activities in Ho Chi Minh city

Abstract

Ho Chi Minh City plays a role as a leading economic and social center in the South of Vietnam, together with the urbanization, transportation system is being rapidly developing, resulting in an increase in emissions from these activities, and worsen the quality of the city. Therefore in this study, emission inventory for transportation has been conducted using the EMISENS model and then using GIS solfware to distribute the emissions in space in order to have the overall picture of air emissions of this city. The results showed that on-road activites especially from using motorcycles are the major contributer to air emissions in the city. On-road source in general accounting for 88% of NOx, 99% of CO, 79% of SO2, 99% of NMVOC, 88% of PM in total emissions from transportation activities. Key finding in this study is that hahour activities contribute up to 20% of total SOx and 10% of total PM. Other sources of transportation (airport, habour, bus station, rail way) only accounting for negligible amount of emissions Emission maps of transportation showed that central areas (District 1, District 10, District 3 and District 5) reached higer level of emissions than others. In additions, harbours areas as District 2, District 4 and District 7 where Saigon Port and Cat Lat Port are located in suffer the highest emissions of SO2, NOx and Dust.